@phdthesis{eprintsunpak7897,
          school = {Universitas Pakuan},
           month = {January},
            year = {2024},
          author = {Akmal Zainur Ahyar and Sri Wardatun and Euis Nining},
           title = {Penentuan Kadar KuersetinBunga Talang (clitoria ternate L.) Secara Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi Berdasarkan Perbedaan Metode Ekstrak},
        abstract = {Comparison of Maceration and Ultrasound Assisted Extraction
Method in Determining Quercetin Level Clitoria ternatea L. Flowers
Sri Wardatun1*, Akmal Zainul Ahyar2
, Euis Nining3
1,2,3Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Pakuan, Bogor, Indonesia
sri.wardatun@unpak.ac.id
https://doi.org/10.33751/jf.vxxix.xxxx
Article info:
Submitted : D-M-202X
Accepted : D-M-202X
Published : D-M-202X
This work is licensed under a 
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Copyright {\copyright} 2023
Authors
Published by:
Universitas Pakuan
ABSTRACT
Butterfly pea flowers (Clitoria ternatea L.) contain the compound quercetin 
which has been studied extensively. Butterfly pea flowers have shown various 
pharmacological activities. The extraction method have an impact on the 
amount of active compound extracted. The aim of this research was to 
determine the effect of different extraction methods on quercetin levels in C. 
ternatea L flowers using the High Performance Liquid Chromatography 
(HPLC) method. The HPLC system uses an ODS-3 column stationary phase; a 
mobile phase mixture of 0.1 \% orthophosphoric acid and methanol (36:64); a 
flow rate of 1.2 mL/min; and a PDA-UV detector. The extraction methods used 
were maceration, and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using methanol as a 
solvent. The results showed that the quercetin content of C. ternatea L flower 
extract with maceration method results was 1.0669 {$\pm$} 0.0283 mg/g and with 
UAE method was 1.3915 {$\pm$} 0.1789 mg/g. Statistical test results showed that 
differences in extraction methods did not have a significant effect on quercetin 
levels. However, the UAE method is considered more efficient in terms of 
extraction time, so the UAE method can be used as an alternative for extracting 
quercetin from C. ternatea L. flowers.
Keywords: C. ternatea L.; flowers; maceration; UAE; quercetin
INTRODUCTION 
Clitoria ternatea L. flowers are widely used in traditional medicine. This part has been 
used to treat several diseases. The pharmacological activities of C. ternatea L. flowers extract 
were antidiabetic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, analgesic, and 
cytotoxic (Jeyaraj et al., 2022; Shinde \& Khemnar, 2024). C. ternatea L. flowers have striking 
colors, so they are often used as a natural food and drink coloring (Gamage et al., 2021; Rahma 
et al., 2024). The ethanol extract of C. ternatea L. flowers contain alkaloids, flavonoids, resins, 
tannins, polyphenols, saponins, and triterpenoids (Rahma et al., 2024; Jayanti et al., 2021; 
Sarma et al., 2023; Yee \& Than, 2020).
The widely known active compound in C. ternatea is quercetin. According to Jeyarai et al. 
(2020), phytochemical compounds that have been isolated from C. ternatea L. flowers were 
quercetin and myricetin glycosides known as anthocyanins. Furthermore, quercetin 3-2G?rhamnosylrutinoside, quercetin 3-neohesperidoside, quercetin 3-rutinoside, quercetin 3-
glucoside, myricetin 3-neohesperidoside, myricetin 3-rutinoside, and myricetin 3-glucoside 
were found in C. ternatea L. flowers (Al-Snafi et al., 2016; Mahajan et al., 2022). Quercetin is 
one of the natural bioactive products from the flavonol family, which is widely studied because 
it has pharmacological activities such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, preventing},
             url = {http://eprints.unpak.ac.id/7897/}
}