<mets:mets OBJID="eprint_11048" LABEL="Eprints Item" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/METS/ http://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/mets.xsd http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-3.xsd" xmlns:mets="http://www.loc.gov/METS/" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><mets:metsHdr CREATEDATE="2026-08-01T02:30:08Z"><mets:agent ROLE="CUSTODIAN" TYPE="ORGANIZATION"><mets:name>Repository Universitas Pakuan</mets:name></mets:agent></mets:metsHdr><mets:dmdSec ID="DMD_eprint_11048_mods"><mets:mdWrap MDTYPE="MODS"><mets:xmlData><mods:titleInfo><mods:title>Analisis Kesulitan Keuangan Menggunakan Metode &#13;
Altman (Z-Score) dan Zmijewski (X-Score) Studi Kasus: PT Kimia Farma Tbk Periode &#13;
Tahun 2019-2024.</mods:title></mods:titleInfo><mods:name type="personal"><mods:namePart type="given">Siti</mods:namePart><mods:namePart type="family">Aliah</mods:namePart><mods:role><mods:roleTerm type="text">author</mods:roleTerm></mods:role></mods:name><mods:name type="personal"><mods:namePart type="given">Bambang</mods:namePart><mods:namePart type="family">Wahyudiono</mods:namePart><mods:role><mods:roleTerm type="text">author</mods:roleTerm></mods:role></mods:name><mods:name type="personal"><mods:namePart type="given">Edi</mods:namePart><mods:namePart type="family">Jatmika</mods:namePart><mods:role><mods:roleTerm type="text">author</mods:roleTerm></mods:role></mods:name><mods:abstract>SITI ALIAH. 021122267. Analisis Kesulitan Keuangan Menggunakan Metode &#13;
Altman (Z-Score) dan Zmijewski (X-Score) Studi Kasus: PT Kimia Farma Tbk Periode &#13;
Tahun 2019-2024. Di bawah bimbingan: Dr. Bambang Wahyudiono, S.E., M.M dan &#13;
Edi Jatmika, S.E., M.Si.&#13;
Perusahaan publik di sektor farmasi menghadapi berbagai tantangan dalam &#13;
menjaga stabilitas keuangan, terutama akibat dinamika pasar dan tekanan operasional. &#13;
Salah satu indikator penting untuk menilai kondisi keuangan perusahaan dengan &#13;
menggunakan model kesulitan keuangan (financial distress). Penelitian ini bertujuan &#13;
untuk menganalisis kondisi kesulitan keuangan menggunakan metode Altman Z-Score&#13;
dan Zmijewski X-Score pada PT Kimia Farma Tbk selama periode 2019–2024. Fokus &#13;
utama penelitian ini adalah pada analisis rasio keuangan yang digunakan dalam kedua&#13;
metode untuk mengukur tingkat kesehatan keuangan perusahaan.&#13;
Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan &#13;
kuantitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa laporan &#13;
keuangan tahunan PT Kimia Farma Tbk periode 2019–2024 yang diperoleh dari situs &#13;
resmi Bursa Efek Indonesia www.idx.co.id dan halaman perusahaan PT Kimia Farma &#13;
Tbk www.kimiafarma.co.id.&#13;
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan metode Altman Z-Score&#13;
modifikasi, PT Kimia Farma Tbk berada pada kondisi keuangan yang tidak stabil. &#13;
Perusahaan berada pada kategori grey area pada tahun 2019 dan 2021, dimana &#13;
keuangan belum sepenuhnya sehat dan berpotensi mengalami kesulitan keuangan. &#13;
Sementara itu, pada tahun 2020, 2022, 2023, dan 2024 perusahaan berada pada zona &#13;
financial distress dengan nilai Z-Score di bawah 1,1. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan metode&#13;
Zmijewski, PT Kimia Farma Tbk secara konsisten berada dalam kondisi financial &#13;
distresssepanjang periode penelitian, dimana seluruh nilai X-Score berada di atas batas &#13;
Cut-off (X &gt; 0). Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah bahwa PT Kimia Farma Tbk &#13;
mengalami kondisi kesulitan keuangan selama periode 2019–2024 berdasarkan kedua &#13;
model, sehingga perusahaan perlu melakukan perbaikan kinerja keuangan untuk &#13;
menjaga stabilitas keuangan di masa mendatang.&#13;
Kata Kunci: Kesulitan Keuangan, Altman Z-Score, Zmijewski X-Score, Kinerja &#13;
Keuangan, Rasio Keuangan, Laporan Keuangan</mods:abstract><mods:classification authority="lcc">Manajemen keuangan</mods:classification><mods:classification authority="lcc">Manajemen</mods:classification><mods:originInfo><mods:dateIssued encoding="iso8061">2026-05-26</mods:dateIssued></mods:originInfo><mods:originInfo><mods:publisher>Universitas Pakuan;Program Studi Manajemen</mods:publisher></mods:originInfo><mods:genre>Thesis</mods:genre></mets:xmlData></mets:mdWrap></mets:dmdSec><mets:amdSec ID="TMD_eprint_11048"><mets:rightsMD ID="rights_eprint_11048_mods"><mets:mdWrap MDTYPE="MODS"><mets:xmlData><mods:useAndReproduction>
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